Applications of X-ray Computed Tomography in the Geosciences

Geological Society Publications, "Applications of X-ray Computed Tomography in the Geosciences (Geological Society Special Publication) (No. 215)"
Geological Society of London (January 1, 2003) | English | 1862391394 | 243 pages | PDF | 23.17 MB

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a technique that allows non-destructive imaging and quantification of internal features of objects. It was originally developed as a medical imaging technique, but it is now also becoming widely used for the study of materials in engineering and the geosciences. X-ray CT reveals differences in density and atomic composition and can therefore be used for the study of porosity, the relative distribution of contrasting solid phases and the penetration of injected solutions. As a non-destructive technique, it is ideally suited for monitoring of processes, such as the movement of solutions and the behaviour of materials under compression. Because large numbers of parallel two-dimensional cross-sections can be obtained, three-dimensional representations of selected features can be created. In this book, various applications of X-ray CT in the geosciences are illustrated by papers covering a wide range of disciplines, including petrology, soil science, petroleum geology, geomechanics and sedimentology.

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Theoretical Geochemistry

Theoretical Geochemistry: Applications of Quantum Mechanics in the Earth and Mineral Sciences
By John A. Tossell, David J. Vaughan
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA | 528 pages | 1992-03-19 | ISBN: 0195044037 | English | PDF | 20.57 MB

This work is based on the observation that further major advances in geochemistry, particularly in understanding the rules that govern the ways in which elements come together to form minerals and rocks, will require the application of the theories of quantum mechanics. The book therefore outlines this theoretical background and discusses the models used to describe bonding in geochemical systems. It is the first book to describe and critically review the application of quantum mechanical theories to minerals and geochemical systems. The book consolidates valuable findings from chemistry and materials science as well as mineralogy and geochemistry, and the presentation has relevance to professionals in a wide range of disciplines. Experimental techniques are surveyed, but the emphasis is on applying theoretical tools to various groups of minerals: the oxides, silicates, carbonates, borates, and sulfides. Other topics dealt with in depth include structure, stereochemistry, bond strengths and stabilities of minerals, various physical properties, and the overall geochemical distribution of the elements.

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Petroleum Geology of Africa

T. J. Arthur, Douglas Scott Macgregor, N. R. Cameron, "Petroleum Geology of Africa: New Themes and Developing Technologies (Geological Society Special Publication No. 207)"
Geological Society of London (February 1, 2003) | English | 1862391289 | 289 pages | PDF | 36.86 MB

As frontier exploration in Africa moves into ever-deeper water and new basins, there is an increasing need to mitigate the high costs by reducing risk. One way of doing this is by drawing on knowledge from other areas.
The book includes regional papers ranging from syntheses on a continental scale to details of the salt tectonics of the West African margin. It also addresses the need to continue using technologies to their limits by including papers on topics as diverse as gravity interpretation and fluid inclusion studies.
The book provides essential reading for those requiring further insight into the origins of Africa's diverse petroleum systems, and will be key to geologists and geophysicists involved in the exploration for and exploitation of oil and gas throughout Africa.

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